Literature from a decolonial intercultural perspective. Latin American costumbrista literary text in Spanish for academic purposes
The purpose of this contribution is to address a literary text analysis perspective that is framed in a critical and decolonial intercultural pedagogy, all in dialogue with the implications in Applied Linguistics for the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language. We take as a source of analysis the Latin American costumbrista literature of the 19th century, considering it as a rich source of approach and treatment of sociocultural and linguistic aspects in the Spanish classroom for academic purposes. We begin with a tour of the ways in which literature has been defined from the traditional Eurocentric perspective, since these influence, to a great extent, the approach of the literary text in Spanish as a foreign language classroom. Subsequently, we review conceptual elements of the critical and decolonial intercultural approach for the language classroom, which facilitate other views of understanding the literary text in relation to sociocultural issues and allow the training of foreign language learners in terms of social implication and justice. We propose the analysis of Latin American costumbrista literature as a decolonizing model and critical reflection on the social and linguistic dynamics between individuals and cultural groups, from the language classroom.